Capsicum science:
Chili peppers in the genus (Capsicum) has about 30 species, all in the Americas, the largest in South america. The discovery of the oldest chili remains of two, one in Northeast Mexico has a hole in the Tehuacan Valley southeast of Mexico. According to a new study in 2014, the world's most widely cultivated this kind of Pepper (later "pepper" refers to the one of the earliest domesticated) in Southeast Mexico Tehuacan Valley, from the earliest domesticated Balsas Valley (located in the Tehuacan Valley western corn) the earliest domesticated Lerma River Valley bean (located in the Tehuacan Valley and North West) have a little distance. This shows that in America in the agricultural age probably did not have a single crop origin center, but by several ethnic groups each domesticated a crop, and then share their results through the domestication of trade exchange.
Look, this conclusion is not surprising, but it is led by Davies, the state of California, by 8 researchers from 6 universities from the United States, Mexico, Kenya and France are the research results of the interdisciplinary cooperation. Researchers from the geographical and ecological distribution of wild pepper in America, various Aboriginal languages for pepper pepper varieties DNA reference, the fingerprint and the archaeological discovery of pepper macro and Micro Four clues of the relics, through ingenious methods from the four aspects of the data can be converted into more geographic information. After summary, only the earliest pepper in Southeast Mexico domesticated conclusion. Obviously, the significance of this study lies not only exploring the origin of this kind of pepper crops, but that it is for crop origin research in the future to establish a new "yardstick" to draw a convincing conclusion in this era? Just try to collect all the evidence as much as you can in this study, and put them together!
In addition to pepper, capsicum and other 4 cultivars, namely c.frutescens (Capsicum frutescens), yellow lantern pepper (C. chinense), berrylike pepper (C. baccatum) and pepper (C. pubescens) villi. C.frutescens, yellow lantern pepper and general pepper is very similar to that of origin are also in the area of Mexico, the only difference is that they are small shrubs, a festival usually has two flowers, two fruit, and general pepper usually herbs or subshrubs, a festival usually only a flower, a fruit. It was widely accepted by the botanical community to treat them as two different species of pepper, but many people today think that they should be combined with one kind of pepper. Berry like pepper and pepper is the origin of villi in South America, from Peru in the vicinity of the Andes and Aboriginal independent domestication, now basically only South America had planted a variety of "only berry like pepper (C. baccatum'Bishop's flying saucer pepper Crown', commonly known as" bell pepper "or" saucer pepper ") because of the prominent horn fruit, peculiar shape, widely cultivated as ornamental plants in the world.
Zanthoxylum bungeanum:
Pepper, the first refers to the bungeanum (Zanthoxylum) and its close relatives, their skin with spicy taste and aroma, in China has long been used as seasoning. (eat pepper and by 50 Hz vibration, the shell network reading "pepper: on the tip of the tongue" poppingcandy ")" Book of Songs Tang wind "has been mentioned about chili pepper," said pepper chat, Fanyan yinsun ", said many pepper fruit. "Chu Ci" is mentioned several times, such as pepper, pepper wine, "the wine is the wine of pepper fruit. In addition to spices, pepper plants are also very early medicine. Some of the early Western Han Dynasty unearthed in Hunan in 1973 Changsha medical Mawangdui tomb No. 3, one of the "fifty-two Prescriptions" in many prescription used in pepper". The pepper and Guangxi (Rou Gui) of the two kinds of woody spices often as "pepper in Guangxi" then simply became a fixed collocation, often used as a metaphor for the sage.
